The Bureau of Justice Assistance recently released a report titled “Lessons from the Battle Over D.A.R.E. - The Complicated Relationship Between Research and Practice.” Unlike many other programs that attempt to reduce criminal activity, DARE has been the subject of over 30 research evaluations, the overwhelming majority of them concluding that DARE’s ability to reduce substance use amongst youth is negligible. What is even more concerning is that several studies have found an actual increase, albeit a small one, in substance abuse amongst participants.
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Notes from IACP 2009: Education-Based Discipline: A New Approach of Education as an Option to Suspension
Like the vast majority of law enforcement agencies in the US, when a officer in the Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department committed an offense, the officer was disciplined. And that discipline mainly consisted of punishment in the form of suspension without pay. But, many times, handing out punishment to officers had unintended results:
- The officer would become bitter
- The officer’s family would suffer a financial loss
- The officer would fight the punishment with the help of union lawyers, dragging out the case and wasting money
- The officer would learn nothing
The simple fact of the matter is that punishment means more paperwork, more money, and breeds resentment among officers and staff. And as a result, what does the department get? An officer who sat at home for five days? As Sheriff Baca looked at the results of punishment, he and his staff agreed that there should be a better way to deal with disciplinary measures.
Punishment vs. Discipline
First of all, the Latin root of the word “discipline” does not lie in “punishment,” but rather in “disciple.” The process of becoming a disciple is one of learning and study for improvement, but current law enforcement disciplinary practices are more about punishment than discipleship. This being the case, Baca decided that disciplinary measures should be learning experiences, not punishment experiences.
Education-Based Discipline
To shift the department away from punishment toward discipline, Baca’s staff consulted with a variety of groups inside and outside of the department, like the leadership and training division, internal affairs, employee support (dept. psychologists, etc.), risk management, and more. They also explored current educational offerings within the department and in the community that they could take advantage of. From those meetings and offerings, they were able to come up with an alternative to suspension punishment, called education-based discipline (EBD).
The new system, implemented earlier this year, offers officers the chance to keep their pay, forgo days off, and participate in a variety of training and education programs in place of suspension. Educational offerings fall under 6 categories, depending on the offense:
- Problem-solving and self-management
- Skill enhancement
- Boundary recognition
- Substance misuse/abuse awareness
- Character reinforcement
- Mitigating and aggravating factors
A variety of classes and action items fall under each category and give officers the chance to learn from their mistakes, and not just regret them while they sit at home doing nothing.
How It Works
When an officer commits an offense, depending on the severity of the offense, he or she can choose to either take the suspension, or waive the right to contest the punishment and agree to enter an alternative EBD option. The suspension is still recorded on the officer’s record, but the officer does not lose pay over the matter. Of the 50 officers that have been offered this option since the implementation of the program, 49 have taken it.
Saving Time and Money
This new approach was—at first—greeted with some skepticism on the part of the union. But as these cases have played out, the amount of time and money the union has spent on lawyers to contest suspensions has dropped dramatically. And the paperwork that had to accompany all that so-called discipline on the part of the union and the Sheriff’s Dept., has also dropped.
Change in Attitude
Not only is the new system saving time and money, but officers are actually taking part in educating themselves about their specific problem areas and actually changing their behavior. Before EBD, suspensions bred discontent and resentment. Now EBD gives officers a chance to improve themselves, and many have actually thanked their teachers and command staff for the experience.
Applications
The presenters admitted that their exact system may not work in all areas. Their department is large and has a vast amount of resources inside and outside of the organization. And all agencies are different. But, the principles of EBD can be applied anywhere. Take a look at your agency’s disciplinary practices. Are they meant as punishment or as educational experiences? Make your disciplinary actions based on helping officers to change their behavior and become your successors not your begrudging enemies.
Presenters:
Lee Baca, Sheriff, Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Dept., CA (not present)
Thomas Laing, Commander, Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Dept., CA
Michael Parker, Lieutenant, Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Dept., CA
Get on the crime map at CrimeReports.com
Fight Crime: Keep Kids in School
I’m not sure this is really earth-shattering news, but high-school dropouts are far more likely to commit and be involved in crimes than those who graduate. But a study commissioned by California lawmakers, found that high-school dropouts cost the state as much as $1.1 billion in law enforcement costs every year. The study found that by cutting the dropout rate in half, the state would save more than a half a billion dollars annually (source).
“Dropout Prevention Is Crime Prevention”
Los Angeles County Sheriff, Lee Baca, who recently testified in front of the US senate on behalf of school-based crime prevention efforts, said of the study, “Dropout prevention is crime prevention. Schools need better tools for identifying potential dropouts so they can target interventions at the kids who need them most.”
Law Enforcement Officials are hoping that the results of the study will encourage the Governor to sign a bill requiring schools to accurately report dropout rates and identify signs that a student is at high-rick for dropping out. These statistics may help future policy makers implement programs to target at-risk youth for intervention before they decide to stop going to school.
Identifying At-Risk Youth
As I expressed earlier, I’m not sure anyone doubts that high-school dropouts are more likely to be involved in criminal behavior. And I say this because I think most people who went to high school have observed the statistics first hand. The kids who were always skipping class, involved in drugs, and had problems with the police were the ones we rarely saw at graduation ceremonies. And although I agree that schools need more money to fund programs that help at-risk youth graduate, I’m not sure we need a study to tell us which students are at risk.
Giving Schools Resources to Prevent Crime
Although public schools receive a lot of flack for not educating our children properly, but—in general—teachers, councilors, administrators, and other students don’t have a hard time identifying who is at a high-risk for dropping out. What they lack are resources.
To fight future crime, we as citizens need to support measures in our cities and communities that give schools the resources they need, not only to educate our children, but to help at-risk students stay in school, get an education, and stay off the streets. Crime prevention is more than locking our doors and leaving the porch light on, it is supporting local programs to help children avoid a life of crime before it starts.
Search your neighborhood crime map at CrimeReports.com
Law Enforcement Officials Endorse Early Education as Crime Antidote
Recent research has shown that at-risk children who do not have quality education in their early years are as much as 70% more likely to commit violent crimes.
These are the numbers law enforcement officials from around the country are using to draw lawmakers attention to the importance of early childhood education programs as a preventative measure against future crime.
They are urging congress to create an Early Learning Challenge Fund that would provide $1 billion in funds to states for early childhood (under 5-years-old) education programs.
Supporting these types of initiatives and programs can save taxpayers’ money on incarceration and law enforcement in the long run, although exact figures are hard to predict.
Get on the crime map at CrimeReports.com




Most of us who are involved with social media at some point find ourselves on information overload. Links from Twitter and Facebook, Google Alerts, e-mail, RSS feed readers provide so much data that it’s tempting to close ourselves off and hide for at least a week.